1911 Census - England
26 Middlesex Wharf, Upper Clapton, Hackney
Charlotte Reader, widow, age 50
William John Reader, son, age 25, occupation carpenter
Lily Reader, daughter, age 23 ,dressmaker
Alice May Reader, daughter, age 21, Occupation dressmaker
Margaret Reader, daughter, age 19, occupation shop assistant
Ruby Victoria Reader, daughter, age 17, occupation machinist
Sunday, January 30, 2011
Wednesday, January 26, 2011
1872 Borough of Hackney Directory
(Viewed at Hackney Archives - Rose Lipman Library, 43 De Beauvoir Road, London. N1 5SQ
in 1981. The library is in the area where May Hammond Sims and George and Nellie Hammond lived before immigrating to Canada)
List of Tenants in Hammond Cottages, Lea Bridge 1872 in order that they appear in the directory.
"Jolly Angler Public House" - R. Sargent
Green, J. - Boat Builder
Radley, E.J. - Tobacconist
Jennings, J.
Peters, S.
Moxam, J.
Royston, A.
Marvell, H.
Rewin, T.
Sanderson, W.
Godfrey, J.
Garey, G.
Munson, R.
Iliffe, J.
Lambert, Mrs.
Minto, J.
Baker, F.
Dears, W. S.
Hammond, J.
Ward, H.
Green, V.
Pepper, L.
Vincent, G.
Ralph, O.
Cutter, R.
Ives, C.
Ovridge, W.
Raymond, C.
Cunliffe, W.
Marvell, J. - Butcher
Power, T. - Greengrocer
"Kingshead Public House" - J. Hammond
Private Residents (category in directory)
Hammond, E. - 2 Montague Rd. W.
Hammond, E.T. - 11 Annis Rd.
Hammond, J. - Hammond Cottages
Hammond, J. - 67 Mary St. N.
Hammond, Mrs. - 19 Richmond Rd.
Commercial Directory
Hammond, D, W.H. - Stationer, 264 Hackney Rd.
Hammond, E. - Grocer, Retreat Ferry
Hammond, H. - Joiner, 35 Wenlock St. N.
Hammond, H. - Whls Outfitter, Belmont HO Vils Dalston
Hammond, J. - Bootmaker, 2 Adolphus Place
Hammond, J. - "Kingshead," Hammond Cottages
Hammond, J. W. - Cabinet Manuf., 22 Bath St., Tabernacle Sq. E.C.
Hammond, Miss E. - Stationer, 42 East Rd.
Hammond, Mrs. H. - Tobacconist and Newsagent, 1 Goldsmith Row
Hammond, T. - Oilman, 175 Hoxton St. N.
Hammond, W. - Prep School, 34 Aske St. N.
Hammond, 's, Miss - Ladies School, 1 Bonner Rd.
in 1981. The library is in the area where May Hammond Sims and George and Nellie Hammond lived before immigrating to Canada)
List of Tenants in Hammond Cottages, Lea Bridge 1872 in order that they appear in the directory.
"Jolly Angler Public House" - R. Sargent
Green, J. - Boat Builder
Radley, E.J. - Tobacconist
Jennings, J.
Peters, S.
Moxam, J.
Royston, A.
Marvell, H.
Rewin, T.
Sanderson, W.
Godfrey, J.
Garey, G.
Munson, R.
Iliffe, J.
Lambert, Mrs.
Minto, J.
Baker, F.
Dears, W. S.
Hammond, J.
Ward, H.
Green, V.
Pepper, L.
Vincent, G.
Ralph, O.
Cutter, R.
Ives, C.
Ovridge, W.
Raymond, C.
Cunliffe, W.
Marvell, J. - Butcher
Power, T. - Greengrocer
"Kingshead Public House" - J. Hammond
Private Residents (category in directory)
Hammond, E. - 2 Montague Rd. W.
Hammond, E.T. - 11 Annis Rd.
Hammond, J. - Hammond Cottages
Hammond, J. - 67 Mary St. N.
Hammond, Mrs. - 19 Richmond Rd.
Commercial Directory
Hammond, D, W.H. - Stationer, 264 Hackney Rd.
Hammond, E. - Grocer, Retreat Ferry
Hammond, H. - Joiner, 35 Wenlock St. N.
Hammond, H. - Whls Outfitter, Belmont HO Vils Dalston
Hammond, J. - Bootmaker, 2 Adolphus Place
Hammond, J. - "Kingshead," Hammond Cottages
Hammond, J. W. - Cabinet Manuf., 22 Bath St., Tabernacle Sq. E.C.
Hammond, Miss E. - Stationer, 42 East Rd.
Hammond, Mrs. H. - Tobacconist and Newsagent, 1 Goldsmith Row
Hammond, T. - Oilman, 175 Hoxton St. N.
Hammond, W. - Prep School, 34 Aske St. N.
Hammond, 's, Miss - Ladies School, 1 Bonner Rd.
Friday, January 7, 2011
George and Ann (Swinton) Hammond
.........................Death Certificate for George James Hammond, 1853George James Hammond, the eldest son of John Hammond and Sarah Millidge, was born August 15, 1822, in Waltham Abbey, Essex, England. He was baptised September 11, 1822, at the parish church of Waltham Abbey. His Hammond grandparents would have attended, but his grandfather, William Hammond, died in November of that year.
*He may have been named after John's uncle, George Hammond, the surgeon-apothecary, whom John would have remembered as a boy of about ten years of age. The given name, James, does not appear in the Millidge family, so it may have come from the Hammond or Littler families. John Hammond had a cousin, James Littler, son of Joseph, whom he would have known as a neighbour growing up in Waltham Abbey.
*Before the 1831 census was taken, when George James was about ten years of age, John and Sarah Hammond moved to the Lea Bridge area. We find the family in the 1831 census at Hilly Ferry, but by the 1841 census they had moved to 'near Lea Bridge' which was probably the area around the Lea Dock where the houses later became known as Hammond Cottages. In the 1841 census, John and Susannah Millidge, the grandparents of George James, as well as an unmarried aunt named Ann Millidge, were living in the cottages 'near Lea Bridge' as well. At this time, the area would have been relatively rural compared to the largest city in the world, which lay a few miles south.
*
1831 Census - Hackney Source: Hackney Archives
p. 121 Hilly Ferry, High Hill Ferry
John Hammond, 1 family / 1 dwelling
*4 males / 3 females / total - [illegible]
including 1 male over 20 / Printer
[unknown 4th male - under 20 - a baby who didn't survive?]
*1841 Census - Hackney - (PRO Reference 179 PX 698-700)
Enumeration District 20
Lea Road, Clapton
page 24, near Lea Bridge
Hammond, John, age 41, silk-printer, not born in Middlesex
Hammond, Sarah, age 40, born in Middlesex
Hammond, George, age 19, merchant's clerk, not born in Middlesex
Robotom, James age 22, working jeweller
Hobbs, Catherine, age 25, female servant
*page 36, street name illegible; very next name is 'Stamford Hill'
George Edward, age 35
John Hammond, age 15 ( probably our John)
Thomas Hawkins, age 60...___essers (pensioner?)
Sarah Hawkins, 55
*George James Hammond married Ann Swinton at the church of St. John at Hackney November 7, 1845 when he was twenty-three years old and she was barely eighteen. Ann was the daughter of James Swinton, a master mariner, and she was living at Clapton when they married. Her baptism appears on the IGI as the daughter of James and Mary Swinton of Whitby, Yorkshire. She was baptised November 27, 1827. She was therefore five years younger than George Hammond. Her place of birth is confirmed by the 1851 census when they lived in Ratcliffe, Stepney.
*
1851 Census of England - Stepney: Ratcliffe - Limehouse, St. James
113 Cock Hill
George Hammond, 28, b. Essex - Waltham Abbey, Licensed Victualler
Ann Hammond, 23, b. Yorkshire - Whitby
George Hammond, 4, b. Middlesex - Hackney
John Hammond, 2, b. Middlesex - Hackney
Ann Hammond, 1, b. Ratcliffe
Martha Bank, 24, b. Essex, Ilford, General Servant
*
The young couple lived in Hackney for the first years of their marriage, and moved to Ratcliffe, Stepney about 1850 where their daughter, Ann, was born.
*
George Hammond was a licensed victualler at The George Public House at the time of his death December 23, 1853. His demise was deemed 'accidental death by a fall from a cart.' He was buried in the family plot at St. John at Hackney January 1st, 1854.
*
There is a death for an Ann Hammond in Stepney in the first quarter of 1856 in the death indices. Without sending for the death certificate, it is not known if this was George's wife. At any rate, she appears to have been deceased by the 1861 census records when all her children were in the care of other people:
*
April 8, 1861 Census of England
CHELSEA, St. Saviours
James Wales, 49, Grocer,
Mary Wales, 34; 3 daughters going to school
Edward Woollet, 16, Apprentice
George Hammond, 14, apprentice, b. St. George in the East,
CHELSEA, St. Saviours
James Wales, 49, Grocer,
Mary Wales, 34; 3 daughters going to school
Edward Woollet, 16, Apprentice
George Hammond, 14, apprentice, b. St. George in the East,
[Transcribed as Blendon - perhaps Mile End or London]
Francis Clements, 14 Apprentice
Sarah Marshall, House Servant
Francis Clements, 14 Apprentice
Sarah Marshall, House Servant
*
Stamford Hill Record Group 9 - Px#153 (not far from Lea Bridge)
Folio 37 - p. 18
Tucker, John Head, 66, Carpenter, b. Devonshire
Tucker, Mary, wife, 69, b. Devonshire
Dover, Jamime, Visitor, unmar. 21, b. Surrey
Dover, Charles, scholar, 14
Hammond, Thomas, scholar, age 8, b. Shadwell [son of George and Ann]
Tucker, John Head, 66, Carpenter, b. Devonshire
Tucker, Mary, wife, 69, b. Devonshire
Dover, Jamime, Visitor, unmar. 21, b. Surrey
Dover, Charles, scholar, 14
Hammond, Thomas, scholar, age 8, b. Shadwell [son of George and Ann]
*
LEA BRIDGE Parish of St. John at Hackney (RG 9/158 -Folio 118)
LEA BRIDGE Parish of St. John at Hackney (RG 9/158 -Folio 118)
page 19 - Lea Bridge
#9 Hammond Cottages (1 house)
Sarah Hammond, head, widow..... age 68, proprietor of houses, b. London
John Hammond, grandson...................... age 12, scholar, born Dalston, Mdx
Ann Hammond, grand dau...................... age 10, scholar, born Shadwell, Mdx
Sarah Hammond, grand dau.................. age 9, scholar, born Shadwell, Mdx
[the grandchildren are the children of deceased son, George d. 1853)
*
The Children of George Hammond and Ann Swinton
*i) George Hammond = Charlotte Foster
Married 20 October 1868, St. John at Hackney
1871 Census - East Hackney -Bethnal Green - St. Barnabas
92 Ashwell Rd.
George Hammond, 24, b. Ratcliffe, Grocer's Shopman, unemployed
Charlotte Hammond, 23, b. Shoreditch
1881 Census - Tottenham - Middlesex
Markfield Rd, Seven Sisters Public House
Jonathan FOSTER, Head, Male, 59, b. Newbury, Berkshire, Licensed Victualler
Elizabeth FOSTER, Wife, 63, b. Bethnal Green, Mdx
**Charlotte HAMMOND, Step Daur, M, 33, b. Bethnal Green, Mdx, General Serv
Charles DAVIS, Boarder, U, 36, b.Bethnal Green, Mdx, Mason
Ann FOSTER, Grandchild, 11, b. Hackney, Mdx, Scholar
Ann WATERS, Grandchild, 8, b. Hackney, Mdx Scholar
**Charlotte is shown as married but George is not in the 1881 census
Unable to find any further information about this couple.
ii) John Hammond = Elizabeth Houghton
1871 Census - 13 Marion Street, St. Barnabas, Homerton, Hackney
John Hammond, 23, b. Dalston, Horsekeeper (?)
Elizabeth Hammond, 21, b. Homerton
Eliz Houghton, 60, mother-in-law, b. Homerton
iii) Ann Hammond = John James Pascoe
1871 Census – London, St. Saviour’s Distict 6 -Mile End Old Town, 46 Castle Street – Rogers Lodging House
Jn. J. Pascoe, Lodger, 23, Clerk to a Comb Maker, b. Darlington, Durham
Ann Pascoe, 21, b. Ratcliffe, Mdx
iv) Sarah Hammond = Thomas Parkinson
Married Feb. 10, 1870 Parish Church of St. George, Camberwell, Thomas was a police constable, son of Benjamin Parkinson. Sarah, dau of George James Hammond, Publican. Witnessed by Ann Pascoe and Wm Pope
1881 Census – London, Middlesex
Thomas Parkinson, Head, 36, b. Burythorpe, York, Brewer’s Drayman
Sarah Parkinson, Wife, 29, b. Shadwell, Middlesex
Claud S. Parkinson, son, 10, b. Hackney, Mdx, scholar
Ann F. Parkinson, dau, 8, b. Woolwich, Kent, scholar
1891 Census – Walthamstow, Essex
32 Markhouse Rd.
Thomas Parkinson, 46, Brewer’s Traveller, b. Yorkshire, Burythorpe
Sarah Parkinson, 40, Housewife, b. London, Clapton
Annie F. Parkinson, daughter, 18, assistant in grocer’s shop b. Woolwich, Kent
Thomas Milner, nephew, 21, railway porter, b. Yorkshire, Burythorpe
Claude Stewart Parkinson b. Hackney 1870, Married October, 1897 at St. Savior Southwark, Surrey, to Ada Frances Crowsley. Died 1926 at Camberwell, Surrey at 55
Annie Florence Parkinson, b. 1873, Woolwich, Kent, Married July, 1896 in Greenwich to Charles Prior
v) Thomas Cloak Hammond = Ellen Sarah Ives Married Feb. 4, 1875 at St. Matthew's Upper Clapton, Hackney. Thomas gave his occupation as 'plumber.' Both signed with a neat confident signature. Ellen, dau of Charles Ives, bargeman. Thos, son of George Hammond, Dyer (sic) Witnesses: Wm John Ives, Jemima Ives
1881 Census - London, Middlesex
Hammond Cottages, Lea Bridge
Charles IVES, Head, 56, b. Enfield, Mdx, Labourer
Susanne IVES, Wife, 56, b. Lea Bridge, Mdx
Thomas HAMMOND, Son In Law, 28, b. Lea Bridge, Mdx, Painter (House)
Ellen Sarah HAMMOND, Wife (Daur), 28, b. Lea Bridge, Mdx
Emma Adelade HAMMOND, Grand Daur, 5 m, b. Lea Bridge, MdxEngland
Saturday, January 1, 2011
Early Deaths
I have been struck by the early deaths of so many of the Hammond men, and some women, in the Lea Bridge area. Here is some insight. Click on the title for the original source.
HISTORY 410. The European City in History
Professor: Robert W. Brown
"London's Growth
"Because of its economic and political importance London was long the largest city in Great Britain, and after 1700 it was the largest city in Europe, surpassing its rival Paris. This growth continued throughout the 18th century. Up to about 1780, the main source of this population growth was migration from other parts of the British Isles. It is estimated that 1/6 of the British population visited London during the 18th century, and the most adventurous and ambitious stayed.
*
"Population growth in the first half of the 19th century was spectacular, probably a combination of migration and a high birth rate, although scholars are unable to agree on the matter. Between 1800 and 1810, the population rose by 23%; between 1840 and 1850, it rose by 21%; and at no time did the rate fall below 17%; in the second half of the century, growth was less dramatic, but nonetheless above the national average. Population in 1810 was 1,000,000+; in 1851: 2,500,00; and in 1901, 4,500,000. In short, London's population increase was "remarkable and unprecedented." London grew faster than any other city in Europe.
*
"Urban problems resulting from this population growth were staggering: housing was in short supply; space became increasingly valuable; public hygiene deteriorated (low standards of personal hygiene, open-air food markets, litter in the streets, the filth from horse-drawn delivery and passenger vehicles); winds blew in dust, dirt, and soot; drinking water was polluted. Diseases like typhoid and cholera were common. An outbreak of cholera in 1831 killed 5,000, while others in 1833 killed 1,500, in 1848 killed 14,000, in 1866 killed 6,000.
Death rate in 19th century London was high: 1840s: 25.2 per 1,000; 1850s: 23.6 per 1,000; 1860s: 24.3 per thousand .....
*
"Behind the high mortality rates:
1) absence of an established connection between disease and contaminated water;
2) decentralized system of local administration was inadequate to control waste. The introduction of the water closet meant that more waste was dumped into the Thames. Within London, there were a hundred units of local government, and local people did not want to pay higher taxes. Even Parliament was nearly paralyzed by a fight between supporters of a strong central government and those who resisted the erosion of the power of local authorities. Not until 1900 were some of these issues resolved, and only then did the death rate start to fall. "
HISTORY 410. The European City in History
Professor: Robert W. Brown
"London's Growth
"Because of its economic and political importance London was long the largest city in Great Britain, and after 1700 it was the largest city in Europe, surpassing its rival Paris. This growth continued throughout the 18th century. Up to about 1780, the main source of this population growth was migration from other parts of the British Isles. It is estimated that 1/6 of the British population visited London during the 18th century, and the most adventurous and ambitious stayed.
*
"Population growth in the first half of the 19th century was spectacular, probably a combination of migration and a high birth rate, although scholars are unable to agree on the matter. Between 1800 and 1810, the population rose by 23%; between 1840 and 1850, it rose by 21%; and at no time did the rate fall below 17%; in the second half of the century, growth was less dramatic, but nonetheless above the national average. Population in 1810 was 1,000,000+; in 1851: 2,500,00; and in 1901, 4,500,000. In short, London's population increase was "remarkable and unprecedented." London grew faster than any other city in Europe.
*
"Urban problems resulting from this population growth were staggering: housing was in short supply; space became increasingly valuable; public hygiene deteriorated (low standards of personal hygiene, open-air food markets, litter in the streets, the filth from horse-drawn delivery and passenger vehicles); winds blew in dust, dirt, and soot; drinking water was polluted. Diseases like typhoid and cholera were common. An outbreak of cholera in 1831 killed 5,000, while others in 1833 killed 1,500, in 1848 killed 14,000, in 1866 killed 6,000.
Death rate in 19th century London was high: 1840s: 25.2 per 1,000; 1850s: 23.6 per 1,000; 1860s: 24.3 per thousand .....
*
"Behind the high mortality rates:
1) absence of an established connection between disease and contaminated water;
2) decentralized system of local administration was inadequate to control waste. The introduction of the water closet meant that more waste was dumped into the Thames. Within London, there were a hundred units of local government, and local people did not want to pay higher taxes. Even Parliament was nearly paralyzed by a fight between supporters of a strong central government and those who resisted the erosion of the power of local authorities. Not until 1900 were some of these issues resolved, and only then did the death rate start to fall. "
Census Records 1851-1871
1851 Census - Hackney
9 Hammond Cottages...............unoccupied
10 Hammond Cottages............
John Hammond, age 51, out of business, house property, b. Waltham Abbey, Essex
Sarah Hammond, age 50, wife, born London
p. 20
Lea Bridge Road Boat House
John Hammond, age 27, coal meter, born Waltham Abbey, Essex
Charlotte Hammond, age 25, born Shacklewell, Mdx
Sarah hammond, age 3, born Lea Bridge
John Hammond, age 2, born Lea Bridge
Henry Hammond, age 3 months, born Lea Bridge
April 8, 1861 Census of England
9 Hammond Cottages...............unoccupied
10 Hammond Cottages............
John Hammond, age 51, out of business, house property, b. Waltham Abbey, Essex
Sarah Hammond, age 50, wife, born London
p. 20
Lea Bridge Road Boat House
John Hammond, age 27, coal meter, born Waltham Abbey, Essex
Charlotte Hammond, age 25, born Shacklewell, Mdx
Sarah hammond, age 3, born Lea Bridge
John Hammond, age 2, born Lea Bridge
Henry Hammond, age 3 months, born Lea Bridge
April 8, 1861 Census of England
CHELSEA, St. Saviours
James Wales, 49, Grocer,
Mary Wales, 34; 3 daughters going to school
Edward Woollet, 16, Apprentice
George Hammond, 14, Apprentice, b. St. George in the East, Transcribed as Blendon - perhaps Mile End
Francis Clements, 14 Apprentice
Sarah Marshall, House Servant
Stamford Hill Record Group 9 - Px#153 Folio 37 - p. 18Tucker, John Head, 66, Carpenter, b. Devonshire
Tucker, Mary, wife, 69, b. Devonshire
Dover, Jamime, Visitor, unmar. 21, b. Surrey
Dover, Charles, scholar, 14
Hammond, Thomas, scholar, age 8, b. Shadwell [son of George and Ann]
LEA BRIDGE Parish of St. John at Hackney (RG 9/158 -Folio 118)
page 19 - Lea Bridge
#9 Hammond Cottages (1 house)
Sarah Hammond, head, widow..... age 68, proprietor of houses, b. London
John Hammond, grandson...................... age 12, scholar, born Dalston, Mdx
Ann Hammond, grand dau...................... age 10, scholar, born Shadwell, Mdx
Sarah Hammond, grand dau.................. age 9, scholar, born Shadwell, Mdx
[the grandchildren are the children of deceased son, George d. 1853)
#10 Hammond Cottages (1 house) (WA = Waltham Abbey)
John Hammond, head...........................age 37, boatbuilder, b. WA, Essex
Charlotte Hammond, wife..................age 35, born Shacklewell, Mdx
Sarah Hammond, dau...............................age 14, scholar, born Lea Bridge, Mdx
John Hammond, son........................... age 12, scholar, born Lea Bridge, Mdx
William Hammond, son............................ age 8, scholar, born Lea Bridge, Mdx
George Hammond, son............................ age 6, scholar, born Mile End, Mdx
Mary Hammond, dau............................... age 4, born Mile End, Mdx
Henry Hammond, son.............................. age 2, born Lea Bridge, Mdx
Charlotte Hamond, dau........................... age 1 month, born Lea Bridge, Mdx
1871 Census West Hackney - Clapton, St. Matthew's
Previous Family #16 Hammond Cott, Thomas Horsey
#15 Hammond Cott. - Thomas Power, Green Grocer (probably across from the King's Head)
Family 136
John Hammond, 53, Kings Head Tavern, Beer House Keeper, b. Waltham Abbey, Essex
Charlotte Hammond, 51, b. Shacklewell, Mdx
Mary Hammond, 12 (sic), b. Mile End
Charlotte Hammond, 10, b. Lea Bridge
#17 -20 Hammond Cottages - names not noted
Family 142 #21 Hammond Cottages
Vincent Green, 25 b. Lea Bridge, Boat Builder
Sarah Green, 23, b. Lea Bridge
Emily J. Green, 11 months, b. Lea Bridge
Family 163 -39 Hammond Cott
John Hammond, 23, born Lea Bridge, Boat Builder
Elizabeth Hammond, 23, born Clapton
John Hammond, 9 months, b. Lea Bridge
1871 Census - Marylebone - Regent Park - Christ Church
26 Lisson (?) Grove
Joseph Beadford/Readford, 37, Cooper, b. Marylebone
Elizabeth, wife, 39, dressmaker, b. Bermondsey
Harriet, 14, b. Marylebone
Joseph, 11, b. Marylebone
Christian, 7, b. Marylebone
Annie, 4, b. Marylebone
Charlotte Clark, 18, Domestic Servant, b. Bristol
George Hammond, Apprentice, 16, Cooper, b. Lea Bridge
William Hammond, Apprentice, 18, Cooper, b. Lea Bridge
Fred Duckett, Apprentice, 16, Cooper, b. Kensington
Henry Todd/Dodd, Porter, 18, Porter, b. Cambridgeshire
1871 Census - Orsett, Essex
Boarding School
James G. Cripps, 47, schoolmaster
Cripps family
Governess
5 Domestic Staff
58 male students between 4 and 19 years old including
Henry Hammond, scholar, 12 years old, born Lea Bridge, Middlesex
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